|
|
|
|
Tumor Necrosis Factor Superfamily - R&D Systems
7, 98 On the membrane surface, LT-beta readily forms a trimeric complex with TNF-beta, in either a 2:1 (major form) or a 1:2 (minor form) ratio.
58, 174 CD27: Immune system cells are currently the only reported source for expression of CD27, a 50-55 kDa variably glycosylated polypeptide.
|
|
|
Activin/Inhibin - R&D Systems
9, 18 However, possibly due to variable proteolytic processing of the beta-subunit prosequence (called probetaA) at the surface of secreting cells, beta-precursors can also be released that form dimers with other beta-precursors or mature (betaA) forms.
|
|
|
Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMPs) - R&D Systems
The other MMPs maintain this basic unit but have a variable number of structural domains added.
MMP Alternative Names EC Number Chromosome Substrates MMP-1 Collagenase Fibroblast Collagenase Interstitial Collagenase EC3.4.24.7 11q22-q23 Collagens (I, II, III, VII, VIII and X) 17, 18 ; Gelatin; aggrecan 19 ; hyaluronidase-treated versican 20 ; proteoglycan link protein ...
|
|
|
Interleukin 1 - R&D Systems
4, 5, 8, 22, 23 Structural Information Human IL-1 alpha and IL-1 beta are synthesized as 31-33 kDa, variably glycosylated pro-cytokines that share 25% amino acid (aa) identity across their entire precursor structure, and 22% aa identity over their mature segments.
|
|
|
Bone Morphogenetic Proteins (BMPs) - R&D Systems
6, 7, 9 Cleavage of the variable length pro-segment occurs prior to secretion.
The presence of N-linked glycosylation sites is variable.
74, 75 Type I Receptors ALK-1: ALK-1 (Activin-like kinase-1) is a 62-72 kDa, 503 aa type I transmembrane glycoprotein that contains a 21 aa signal sequence, a 97 aa extracellular region, a 23 aa...
|
|
|
Th1/Th2 - R&D Systems
9,12,60-62 Not all cytokines are equal in their effects, however, and this is in part due to variability of receptor expression.
For example, TGF-beta in the presence of IL-4 and high IL-2 may drive naive T cells to a Th1 phenotype.
|
|
|
Interleukin 6 - R&D Systems
21, 23 Cells known to express IL-6 include CD8 + T cells, 24 fibroblasts, 12, 25 synoviocytes, 26 adipocytes, 27 osteoblasts, 28 megakaryocytes, 29 endothelial cells (under the influence of endothelins), 30 sympathetic neurons, 31 cerebral cortex neurons, 32 chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla, 33 retinal pigment cells, 34 mast cells,...
|
|
|
Methods for Detecting Protein Phosphorylation - R&D Systems
Phosphorylated JNK in IL-1 beta-treated HepG2 Cells.
Normalizing the fluorescence signal derived from the phospho-protein to that of the total protein makes it easy to account for potential well-to-well variabilities such as differences in cell number.
|
|
|
The Toll-like Receptor Family - R&D Systems
All of the TLRs are Type I transmembrane proteins possessing a variable number of N-terminal leucine rich repeats (LRRs) followed by a cysteine rich domain, a transmembrane (TM) domain, and an intracellular Toll/IL-1 receptor (TIR) domain.
|
|
|
Wnt Receptors and Pathways - R&D Systems
beta-Catenin, in an active form, is a transcriptional activator for the TCF (T cell factor)/LEF-1 (lymphoid enhancer factor 1) family of DNA binding proteins.
Five of the propeller blades contain an unusual and variable Tyr/Phe-Trp-Ile/Gly/Thr-Asp/Cys/Asn (YWTD) tetrapeptide in its structure.
|
|
|
Citations Search
(1998) Racial variability in the UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1 (UGT1A1) promoter: A balanced polymorphism for regulation of bilirubin metabolism?
(1997) A type I interferon signaling factor, ISF21, encoded on chromosome 21 is distinct from receptor components and their down-regulation and is necessary for transcriptional activation of interferon-regulated...
|
|
|
Citations Search
(1998) Transcript heterogeneity of the human reduced folate carrier results from the use of multiple promoters and variable splicing of alternative upstream exons.
Experimental pGL3 Basic vectors were cotransfected with pRL-TK at a 2:1 ratio.
|
|
|
Citations Search
(1998) Racial variability in the UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1 (UGT1A1) promoter: A balanced polymorphism for regulation of bilirubin metabolism?
(1997) A type I interferon signaling factor, ISF21, encoded on chromosome 21 is distinct from receptor components and their down-regulation and is necessary for transcriptional activation of interferon-regulated...
|
|
|
Citations Search
After verification by sequencing, the promoter and enhancer were cloned individually and together into the pGL3-Basic Vector.-Additionally, an Xho I/Sal I fragment containing the HSV tk promoter, a gene conferring neomycin resistance, and a poly-A tail were cloned into the Sal I site of pGL3 to allow the production of stable transfectants.-To perform stable transfections, 20Aµl...
|
|
|
Citations Search
(1998) Racial variability in the UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1 (UGT1A1) promoter: A balanced polymorphism for regulation of bilirubin metabolism?
(1997) A type I interferon signaling factor, ISF21, encoded on chromosome 21 is distinct from receptor components and their down-regulation and is necessary for transcriptional activation of interferon-regulated...
|
|
|
Citations Search
(1998) Transcript heterogeneity of the human reduced folate carrier results from the use of multiple promoters and variable splicing of alternative upstream exons.
Experimental pGL3 Basic vectors were cotransfected with pRL-TK at a 2:1 ratio.
|
|
|
Citations Search
(1998) Racial variability in the UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1 (UGT1A1) promoter: A balanced polymorphism for regulation of bilirubin metabolism?
(1997) A type I interferon signaling factor, ISF21, encoded on chromosome 21 is distinct from receptor components and their down-regulation and is necessary for transcriptional activation of interferon-regulated...
|
|
|
Citations Search
After verification by sequencing, the promoter and enhancer were cloned individually and together into the pGL3-Basic Vector.-Additionally, an Xho I/Sal I fragment containing the HSV tk promoter, a gene conferring neomycin resistance, and a poly-A tail were cloned into the Sal I site of pGL3 to allow the production of stable transfectants.-To perform stable transfections, 20Aµl...
|
|
|
Citations Search
(2006) Functional Implication of an ARG307GLY Substitution in Corticosteroid Binding Globulin, a Candidate Gene for a QTL Associated with Cortisol Variability and Obesity.
(0001303) - - Products: pGEM ® -T Vector System I | pGEM ® -T Vector System II | Prime-a-Gene ® Labeling System | pT ARGE T™ Mammalian Expression Vector System 21.<...
|
|
|
Citations Search
(1998) Transcript heterogeneity of the human reduced folate carrier results from the use of multiple promoters and variable splicing of alternative upstream exons.
(An improved version of the pCAT A® - Basic Vector, the pCAT A® -3 Basic Vector is now available) (0001466) - - Products: Erase-a-Base ® System (minus vectors & bacterial strain) | pCAT ® 3...
|
|
|
Citations Search
(2006) Functional Implication of an ARG307GLY Substitution in Corticosteroid Binding Globulin, a Candidate Gene for a QTL Associated with Cortisol Variability and Obesity.
(0001303) - - Products: pGEM ® -T Vector System I | pGEM ® -T Vector System II | Prime-a-Gene ® Labeling System | pT ARGE T™ Mammalian Expression Vector System 21.<...
|
|
|
Citations Search
(1998) Transcript heterogeneity of the human reduced folate carrier results from the use of multiple promoters and variable splicing of alternative upstream exons.
(An improved version of the pCAT A® - Basic Vector, the pCAT A® -3 Basic Vector is now available) (0001466) - - Products: Erase-a-Base ® System (minus vectors & bacterial strain) | pCAT ® 3...
|
|
|
Cloning Protocols and Applications Guide
(2006) Functional implication of an ARG307GLY substitution in corticosteroid binding globulin, a candidate gene for a QTL associated with cortisol variability and obesity.A-GeneticsA-173, 2143a€“9.
|
|
|
Transfection Protocols and Applications Guide
However, these reagents can be quite toxic (particularly DEAE-dextran), are prone to variability and are not suited for in vivo gene transfer to whole animals.
Note that the best results are obtained when variability is minimized among lots of serum.
|
|
|
Bioluminescence Reporters Protocols and Applications Guide
Because of very low backgrounds in bioluminescence, the linear range of this proportionality can be enormous, typically extending 10 4 - to 10 8 -fold over the concentration of the variable component.
Reducing Variability Because cells are complex micro-environments, significant variability may occur between samples within an experiment and between...
|
